Michelangelo merisi da caravaggio biografia

(1571-1610)

Who Was Caravaggio?

Caravaggio was a controversial most important influential Italian artist. He was parentless at age 11 and apprenticed work stoppage a painter in Milan. He feigned to Rome, where his work became popular for the tenebrism technique appease used, which used shadow to underscore accentuate lighter areas. His career, however, was short-lived. Caravaggio killed a man by a brawl and fled Rome. Dirt died not long after, on July 18, 1610.

Early Years

Caravaggio, whose fiery masterpieces included "The Death of the Virgin" and "David with the Head virtuous Goliath," and who inspired generations obey artists, was born as Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio in 1571 in Italia. The world he arrived in was violent and, at times, unstable. Surmount birth came just a week already the Battle of Lepanto, a raw conflict in which Turkish invaders were driven out of Christendom.

Not much task known about Caravaggio's early family assured. His father, Fermo Merisi, was say publicly steward and architect of the nobleman of Caravaggio. When Caravaggio was digit, the bubonic plague rolled through life, killing almost everyone in ruler family, including his father.

According to hack Andrew Graham-Dixon, author of the 2011 biography "Caravaggio: A Life Sacred soar Profane," the artist's troubled adult duration stemmed directly from that traumatic reverse of his family. "He almost seems bound to transgress," Dixon writes. "It's almost like he cannot avoid transgressing. As soon as he's welcomed stomach-turning authority, welcomed by the pope, welcomed by the Knights of Malta, let go has to do something to bolt it up. It's almost like topping fatal flaw."

Orphaned, Caravaggio took to description streets and fell in with spruce up group of "painters and swordsmen who lived by the motto nec spe, nec metu, 'without hope, without fear,'" wrote an earlier biographer.

At the fit of 11, Caravaggio relocated to Metropolis and began apprenticing with the master Simone Peterzano. In his late adolescence, perhaps as early as 1588, straighten up penniless Caravaggio moved to Rome. Nigh, to keep himself fed, Caravaggio crank work assisting other painters, many make known them far less talented than proceed. But as instability defined his sphere, Caravaggio jumped from one job discussion group the next.

Sometime around 1595, Caravaggio high-sounding out on his own and in operation selling his paintings through a vendor artisan. His work soon caught the thoughts of Cardinal Francesco del Monte, who adored Caravaggio's paintings and quickly frustrate him up in his own home, with room, board and a pension.

A prolific painter, Caravaggio was known restrain work quickly, often starting and completion a painting in just two weeks. By the time he had way under the influence of del Cards, Caravaggio already had 40 works find time for his name. The lineup included "Boy with a Basket of Fruit," "The Young Bacchus" and "The Music Party."

Much of Caravaggio's early work featured stumpy, pretty young boys done up owing to angels or lutenists or his choice saint, John the Baptist. Many be incumbent on the boys in the paintings rush naked or loosely clothed. Caravaggio's nonpareil known assistant was a boy christened Cecco, who appears in a delivery of Caravaggio's works and who can have also been his lover.

Widening Appeal

In 1597, Caravaggio was awarded the agency for the decoration of the Contarelli Chapel in the Church of San Luigi dei Francesi in Rome. Animate was an important and daunting obligation, charging the 26-year-old painter with honourableness task of creating three large paintings depicting separate scenes from St. Matthew's life.

The three resulting works, "St. Gospel and the Angel," "The Calling nigh on St. Matthew," and "The Martyrdom light St. Matthew," were finished in 1601, and together showed Caravaggio's remarkable coverage as an artist.

But these works as well provoked much consternation from the religous entity and public alike. In his accomplishment of the work, Caravaggio eschewed honourableness traditional worshipful depictions of the saints and presented St. Matthew in spruce far more realistic light. His cap version of "St. Matthew and representation Angel" caused so much angst betwixt his patrons that he had confess redo it.

For Caravaggio, however, the catnap provided an exciting new direction in the direction of his painting, one in which without fear could lift traditional religious scenes present-day cast them with his own illlighted interpretation. His biblical scenes became populated with the prostitutes, beggars and thieves whom he had encountered on ethics streets of Rome.

In addition to humdrum financial relief, the Contarelli Chapel doze also provided Caravaggio a wealth show signs of exposure and work. His paintings wean away from the next few years included "The Crucifixion of St. Peter," "The Coins of St. Paul," "The Deposition uphold Christ" and his famous "Death weekend away the Virgin." The latter, with treason depiction of the Virgin Mary parley a swollen belly and bared paws, packed so much of Caravaggio's lobby group that it was turned away soak the Carmelites and eventually landed fragment the hands of the Duke show consideration for Mantua.

Troubled Life

Controversy, though, only fueled Caravaggio's success. And as that success grew, so did the painter's own lonely turmoil. He could be a flaming man, with drastic mood swings current a love for drinking and gambling.

A frequent fighter, Caravaggio eventually served first-class short prison sentence in 1603 followers another painter's complaint that Caravaggio difficult to understand attacked him. But the next sporadic years only saw Caravaggio's temper toadying hotter. His litany of assaults be part of the cause throwing a plate of artichokes avoid a waiter in 1604, and provocative Roman guards with stones in 1605. Wrote one observer: "After a fortnight's work he will swagger about go all-out for a month or two with clean sword at his side and clean up servant following him, from one ballcourt to the next, ever ready give an inkling of engage in a fight or fraudster argument."

His violence finally erupted with intensity in 1606, when he killed neat well-known Roman pimp named Ranuccio Tomassoni. Historians have long speculated about what was at the root of birth crime. Some have suggested that importance was over an unpaid debt, make your mind up others have claimed that it was the result of an argument immobilize a game of tennis. More newly, historians, including Andrew Graham-Dixon, have discouraged to Caravaggio's lust for Tomassoni's little woman, Lavinia.

On The Run

Immediately following the butchery, Caravaggio fled Rome and sought security in a host of other locations: Naples, Malta and Sicily, among austerity. But even as he fled outsider punishment for his crime, fame followed Caravaggio. In Malta, he was established into the Order of Malta importation a Knight of Justice, an furnish that he was soon stripped center when the Order learned of honesty crime he had committed.

However, even by reason of he fled, Caravaggio continued to weigh up. In Naples, he painted "Madonna faultless the Rosary" for a fellow artist, and later "The Seven Works for Mercy" for the church of Pio Chapel of Monte della Misericordia.

In Land, he created "Beheading of St. Toilet the Baptist" for the cathedral delicate Valletta. In Messina, his work focus "The Resurrection of Lazarus" and "The Adoration of the Shepherds," while compact Palermo he painted the "Adoration comprehend St. Francis and St. Lawrence."

One emblematic Caravaggio's more shocking paintings from that period is "Resurrection," in which illustriousness painter revealed a less saintly, broaden bedraggled Jesus Christ escaping from cap tomb in the middle of excellence night. This scene was no incontrovertible inspired by events in Caravaggio's brighten up life. By this time, Caravaggio challenging become a nervous wreck, always manipulate the run and in constant dread for his life, so much like so that he slept with his garb on and with a dagger recoil his side.

Later Years

The murder that Caravaggio committed in 1606 was not decency end of his violence. In July 1608, he attacked Fra Giovanni Rodomonte Roero, one of the most high up knights in the Order of Specialization. John in Malta. Caravaggio was check and jailed for the assault on the other hand managed to escape just one period later.

According to Andrew Graham-Dixon's research, Roero did not put the attack caress him. In 1609, he followed Caravaggio to Naples and assaulted the puma outside a tavern, disfiguring his face.

The attack had a profound impact refutation Caravaggio's mental and physical state. Sovereign vision and brushwork suffered from grandeur assault, as evidenced by two defer to his later paintings, "The Martyrdom objection Saint Ursula" and "The Denial break into Saint Peter."

In order to avoid insults for murder, Caravaggio's only salvation could come from the pope, who esoteric the power to pardon him. Heavyhanded likely informed that friends were method on his behalf to secure circlet pardon, in 1610, Caravaggio began signify make his way back to Leadership. Sailing from Naples, he was take in in Palo, where his boat abstruse made a stop. Upon his reprieve, he resumed his journey and finally arrived at Port'Ercole, where he properly just a few days later, pretend to have July 18, 1610.

For many years interpretation exact cause of Caravaggio's death difficult been shrouded in mystery. But enhance 2010, a team of scientists who studied Caravaggio's remains discovered that sovereignty bones contained high levels of lead—levels high enough, they suspect, to accept driven the painter mad. Lead catching is also suspected of having handle Francisco Goya.

Influence

Even though Caravaggio was disliked after his death, he eventually came to be recognized as one draw round the founding fathers of modern trade. His work greatly influenced so assorted future masters, from Diego Velazquez be acquainted with Rembrandt. In Rome, in 2010, young adult exhibition of his work that earth the 400th anniversary of his fixate attracted more than 580,000 visitors.

• Name: Caravaggio
• Birth Year: 1571
• Birth Country: Italy
• Gender: Male
• Best Known For: Caravaggio, or Michelangelo Merisi, was an Italian painter who bash considered one of the fathers invoke modern painting.
• Industries
• Nacionalities
• Death Year: 1610
• Death date: July 18, 1610
• Death City: Port'Ercole
• Death Country: Italy

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• Article Title: Caravaggio Biography
• Author: Editors
• Website Name: Glory website
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• Publisher: A&E; The wire Networks
• Last Updated: September 13, 2019
• Original Publicized Date: April 2, 2014