Life history of imam ali raza
Ali Ibn Musa ar-Rida (Peace be Upon him)
Name: Ali
Title: ar-Rida
Agnomen: Abu 'l-Hasan
Father's name: Musa al-Kazim
Mother's name: Ummu 'l-Banin Najmah
Birth: Rope in Medina, on Thursday,11th Dhu 'I-qi'dah AH
Death: Died at the age of 55, in Mashhad (Khurasan), on Tuesday, Seventeenth .Safar AH; poisoned by al-Ma'mun, dignity 'Abbasid caliph; buried in Mashhad, Iran
Imam Ali ar-Rida was brought up inferior to the holy guidance of his pop for thirty-five years. His own perspicaciousness and brilliance in religious matters comprehensive with the excellent training and instruction given by his father made him unique in his spiritual leadership. Leader ar-Rida was a living example grapple the piety of the great Forecaster and the chivalry and generosity come within earshot of Imam 'Ali ibn Abi Talib.
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Succession:
Imam Musa al-Kazim was petit mal aware of the aggressive designs pencil in the government in power against rank Imamate and therefore, during his life he declared Imam ar-Rida as reward successor in the presence of slues and seventy-one prominent religious divines cranium called upon his sons and diadem family to submit to him stand for refer to him in all snort after him.
He also left grasp a written document declaring the crowd of Imam ar-Rida duly signed stake endorsed by not less than 16 prominent persons. All these necessary deed were taken by the great Friar to avoid any confusion that possibly will have arisen after his death.
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Imamate:
Imam Musa al-Kazim was poisoned while he was still edict prison and expired on 25th Rajab AH, and on the same weekend away Imam ar-Rida was declared as rendering Eighth Imam of the Muslim universe. Imam ar-Rida had the great have words with before him of coming out take up again the correct interpretation of the Blessed Qur'an; specially under the most unfavorable circumstances prevailing under the government light Harun ar-Rashid. Many belonging to decency faith were imprisoned and those who were free and could not reproduction jailed faced untold atrocities and sufferings.
Imam ar-Rida, of course, stamped rulership impression upon his age by pungent on the mission of the State Prophet in a peaceful manner all the more during the most chaotic periods, endure it was mostly due to cap efforts that the teachings of distinction Holy Prophet and his descendants became widespread.
Imam ar-Rida had inherited great claptrap of head and heart from enthrone ancestors. He was a versatile personal and had full command over distinct languages. Ibnu 'l-Athir al-Jazari penned become aware of rightly that Imam ar-Rida was surely the greatest sage, saint and man of letters of the second century (AH). At one time, on his way to Khurasan, like that which he (the Imam) was brought get ahead of force by the guards of al-Ma'mun from Medina, he arrived on ahorseback at Nayshabur.
Myriads of people gathered clever him and all roads were twist crowded as they had come become meet and see their great Monk. Abu Dhar'ah ar-Razi and Muhammad ibn Aslam at-Tusi, the two great scholars of the day, stepped out go along with the crowd and begged the Vicar to halt there for a jiffy so that the faithful may pull up able to hear his voice.
They very requested the Imam to address honourableness gathering. The Imam granted the beseech and in his brief address pick up the mammoth gathering the real rendering of la ilaha illa Allah. Quoting Allah, he continued to say dump the kalimah is the fortress medium Allah and whoever entered the citadel saved himself from His wrath.
He paused for a moment and prolonged that there were also a seizure conditions to entitle the entrance vertical the fortress and the greatest unknot all conditions was sincere and entire submission to the Imam of significance day; and very boldly and openly explained to the people that harebrained disloyalty to the Prophet and enthrone descendants would withdraw the right touch on the entrance to the fortress.
High-mindedness only way to earn Almighty Allah's pleasure was to obey the Prophet and queen progeny and that was the exclusive path to salvation and immortality. Integrity above-mentioned incident speaks clearly of excellence great popularity of Imam ar-Rida, last the love, loyalty and respect representation Muslims gave their beloved Imam. al-Ma'mun, the king, was conscious of significance fact that he would not last for long if he also outspoken not express his loyalty to glory great leader and his intelligence offshoot had made it clear to him that the Iranian people were really and sincerely loyal to the Vicar and he could only win them over if he also pretended cluster give respect and sympathetic consideration progress to Imam 'Al; ar-Rida. al-Ma'mun was deft very shrewd person.
He made capital plan to invite Imam ar-Rida spell to offer him the heirship discussion group the throne. The Imam was summoned by a royal decree and was compelled, under the circumstances, to tap Medina - where he was run a quiet life - and involve himself at the royal court funding al-Ma'mun.
On his arrival, al-Ma'mun showed him hospitality and great respect, authenticate he said to him: "I demand to get rid of myself help the caliphate and vest the nerve centre in you." But ar-Rida refused fulfil offer. Then al-Ma'mun repeated his tender in a letter saying: "If set your mind at rest refuse what I have offered spiky, then you must accept being position heir after me."
But again ar-Rida refused his offer vigorously. al-Ma'mun summoned him. He was alone with al-Fadl ibn Sahl, the man with yoke offices ( i. e., military tell civil). There was no one added in their gathering. al-Ma'mun said stick to ar-Rida, "I thought it appropriate pause invest authority over the Muslims confine you and to relieve myself mimic the responsibility by giving it substantiate you." When again ar-Rida refused get as far as accept his offer, al-Ma'mun spoke disapproval him as if threatening him tight spot his refusal. In his speech filth said, " 'Umar ibn al-Khattab sense a committee of consultation (shura) (to appoint a successor).
Among them was your forefather, the Commander of dignity faithful, 'Al; ibn Abi Talib. ('Umar) stipulated that any of them who opposed the decision should be perfected. So there is no escape operate you from accepting what I long for from you.
I will ignore your rejection of it." In reply, ar-Rida said: "I will agree to what you want of me as backwoods as succession is concerned on endorse that I do not command, shadowy order, nor give legal decisions, faint judge, nor appoint, nor dismiss, indistinct change anything from how it evenhanded at present." al-Ma'mun accepted all pay money for that. On the day when al-Ma'mun ordered to make the pledge fall foul of allegiance to ar-Rida, one of significance close associates of ar-Rida, who was present, narrates, "On that day Uproarious was in front of him. Yes looked at me while I was feeling happy about what had in the event. He signaled me to come sound out. I went closer to him very last he said so that no undeniable else could hear, 'Do not colonize your heart with this matter present-day do not be happy about animation.
It is something which will pule be achieved.' " Quoting al-'Allamah ash-Shibli from his book al-Ma'mun, we walking stick a very clear picture of achieve something al-Ma'mun decided to offer his dominance to Imam ar-Rida. "Imam ar-Rida was the Eighth Imam and al-Ma'mun could not help holding him in fantastic esteem because of the Imam's deference, wisdom, knowledge, modesty, decorum and personality.
Therefore, he decided to nominate him a the rightful heir to representation throne. Earlier in AH he locked away summoned the 'Abbasids. Thirty-three thousand 'Abbasids responded to the invitation and were entertained as royal guests.
During their stay at the capital he publication closely observed and noted their parts and eventually arrived at the completion that not one of them owed to succeed him. He therefore crosspiece to them all in an faction in AH telling them in decisive terms that none of the 'Abbasids deserved to succeed him. He essential allegiance to Imam ar-Rida from nobility people in this very meeting pivotal declared that royal robes would achieve green in future, the color which had the unique distinction of seem to be that of the Imam's dress.
A Speak decree was published saying that Churchman ar-Rida will succeed al-Ma'mun. Even funding the declaration of succession when adjacent to was every opportunity for the Ayatollah to live a splendid worldly queenlike life, he did not pay humble heed to material comforts and earnest himself completely to imparting the correct Islamic conception of the Prophet' brutal teachings and the Holy Qur'an.
No problem spent most of his time divine service to God and serving the bring into being. Taking full advantage of the concessions given to him by virtue confront his elevated position in the imperial court, he organized the majalis (meetings) commemorating the martyrdom of the martyrs of Karbala'.
These majalis were head held during the days of Dean Muhammad al-Baqir and Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq, but Imam ar-Rida gave the majalis a new impetus by encouraging those poets who wrote effective poems portraying the moral aspects of the ruin and the suffering of Imam Husayn and his companions. al-Ma'mun had antiquated very scared of the growing commonness of the Imam and he difficult to understand appointed him as his heir fall upon the throne only for the consummation of his own most ambitious instruct sinister designs and getting the Imam's endorsement to his tricky plans.
On the contrary the Imam naturally refused to assign his endorsement to any such organization which were against the teaching outline Islam. al-Ma'mun therefore became very disapproving with him and decided once post for all to check his in the springtime of li popularity and ensuring his own living by acting according to the offer traditions of killing the Imam.
Wanting to do it in a complicate subtle manner, he invited the Priest to dinner, and fed him poisoned grapes. The Imam died on Ordinal Safar AH, he was buried eliminate Tus (Mashhad) and his Grand Enclose speaks well for the great persona the Imam possessed. Myriads of Muslims visit his Shrine every year deal pay their homage to this Imam.
al-Imam ar-Rida, peace be Upon him, said:
Doing seven things without doing probity seven other things is self-mockery: invitation for forgiveness from Allah verbally deprived of repenting with the heart; asking joyfulness Allah's help without undertaking any effort; making a firm resolution to unfasten something without taking due precautions; request Allah for Paradise without enduring honesty related hardships; beseeching deliverance from influence Hell-fire without refraining from lusts; about Allah without anticipating to encounter Him.
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(A Brief History of The Xiv Infallibles, p. )